AP+King+Zahir+Shah

// 1) // // 2) King Zahir Shah: Historical  // //3) Jamie Stevens // // 4) Zahir Shah had many effects on the history of Afghanistan during his reign. One of which is his strong support of the Afghan military. His influence on the military is analyzed, arguing, “ Zahir Shah provided aid, weapons and Afghan fighters to the Uighur and Kirghiz Muslim rebels” (“Mohammed Zahir Shah”). Shah demonstrated his support of the military by generously “provide”-ing “aid” and “weapons”. Because he willingly did this, the idea that he wants to help the military and see them succeed is implied. Consequently, this helped the “Afghan fighters” win the war. He also assisted Afghanistan domestically. It is claimed, “He instituted programs of political and economic modernization, ushering in a democratic legislature and education for women” (“Mohammad Zahir Shah”). Shah completely altered “programs of politic[s] and economic[s], as these drastically because “modernized”. Because of this, Afghanistan was no longer a dictatorship, and it became “democratic” instead. This “instituted” a large change in rhe Afghan government. Shah additionally changed history because “women” had a much better “education”. Women were treated on a lower level than men, but Shah altered this by giving “women” the same, high level of “knowledge” that men have. // //5) Works Cited: // // “Mohammed Zahir Shah”. //Wikipedia.org. // Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 2 February 2012. // // “Mohammed Zahir Shah”. //Afghanland.com. Afghanland. Web. 2 February 2012. //

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4.) Analysis:
====King Zahir Shah desired to have a peaceful, democratic Afghanistan, impacting the previous culture of monarchy and social oppression. During his reign it is stated of Zahir Shah’s constitution, “ The constitution…was a far more precise document than its predecessor, creating separate and independent executive, legislative, and judicial branches, excluding all close relatives of the king from high office and providing for the establishment of political parties and a free press" (“King Zahir Shah”). By creating separate “executive, legislative, and judicial braches,” Zahir Shah was capable of “establish”-ing a democratic society. This was something completely new, as the government was previously run by “close relatives of the king”, making democracy all the more significant. This changed the way citizens could view the “press” and create “political parties”, ultimately allowing people more freedom than ever before. In addition to impacting the governmental aspect of Afghanistan culture, Zahir Shah completely altered the social culture within the country. His constitution also incorporated social aspects, in which it is described, “ …A new constitution was introduced in 1964 which turned Afghanistan into a modern democratic state by introducing free elections, a parliament, civil rights , women's rights and universal suffrage ” (“Mohanned Zahir Shah”). While “a modern democratic state” was a major focus during his reign, Zahir Shah’s reforms on “civil rights” and “women’s rights” were also greatly influential. By giving more “civil” and “women’s rights”, people also could experience more freedom within their culture; they had more equal “rights.” Combining this with a goal towards “universal suffrage”, Zahir Shah blatantly gears his ruling towards bettering Afghanistan’s people and their culture, as well as the world as a whole.====

February 2012.
1.) 2.) King Zahir Shah- Audience 3.) Xavier McLallen 4.) Analysis:

The main audience of the King Zahir Shah is the Afghan people. Zahir Shah is most famous as the last king of Afghanistan, as he created a new, democratic system which heavily impacted the Afghan society. It is stated that "Clearly he had decided that the time had come to bring the educated people of the country into the governing process" ("King Zahir Shah"). By "bring[ing] the educated people" together to take part in the "governing process", Zahir Shah created a modern system of democracy within Afghanistan. This allowed "the educated people", not the royal families, to make decisions and changes, bringing the Afghan people to a new way of life. Additionally, the need for "educated people" required that society was able to become educated in order to take part in the new Afghan political system, promoting the idea of schooling and the importance of having an educated society. Using his title as King, Zahir Shah effectively impacted his audience and people by changing Afghanistan's culture and politics.

Apart from changing politics, Zahir attempted to make many improvements for the people of Afghanistan's lives. In fact, "Zahir Shah undertook a number of economic-development projects, including irrigation and highway construction, backed by foreign aid, largely from the United States and the Soviet Union" ("Zahir Shah, Mohammad"). The fact that Afghanistan needed "irrigation and highway construction" so badly that "foreign aid" was the only way to assertain them, it can be assumed that economic issues, especially farming, were under stress and in need of advancement. Zahir's attempts to improve and promote "economic-development projects" in Afghanistan thus allowed for the bettering of the Afghan people. By becoming involved with both "the United States and the Soviet Union", Zahir promoted neutrality and global diplomacy. Zahir's diplomatic actions and relations are the kind often promoted by those seeking global peace and prosperity. It is clear that by employing political power and diplomacy, Zahir is able tend to the needs of Afghanistan, improve relations with other countries, and overall better Afghanistan.

5.) Works Cited: “King Zahir Shah” Afghan-network.net. Afghan Network. Web. 2 February 2012 "Zahir Shah, Mohammed" Sabawoon.com. Swaboon Online. Web. 3 February 2012

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Aim As the last king of Afghanistan, Zahir Shah aimed to bring piece to the area. Through his efforts to bring change and equality to the nation he became a fair ruler. His accomplishments were seen and felt throughout the country. The BBC states the changes made by this man in an attempt to create a country that provided for everyone the same opportunities as anyone else. They report, “ In 1964, a new constitution transformed Afghanistan into a modern democracy, with free elections, a parliament, civil rights, emancipation for women and universal suffrage” (BBC News). Due to the previous regime’s oppressive nature many people didn’t see the fortune of what they were receiving. There were radicals that saw what they had and enjoyed being destroyed before their eyes. This caused them to retaliate. Because the government was so monarchical for so long there had to be drastic change in the people employed in office, In appointing new prime minister and council of ministers, the king excluded all members of the Afghan royal family for the first time. At the same time, he announced that a new constitution would replace that of 1931(Zahir Shah). Zahir established a democracy to change the nation into an entity that would contribute to the world instead of take from it. Works Cited "BBC News | SOUTH ASIA | Profile: Ex-king Zahir Shah." //BBC News - Home//. Web. 2 Feb. 2012. . "Zahir Shah." //Afghan Network INteractive//. Web. 2 Feb. 2012. .
 * 1) [[image:http://news.bbc.co.uk/olmedia/1570000/images/_1573181_shah_300ap.jpg width="315" height="180" caption="Former king of Afghanistan Zahir Shah"]]
 * 2) King Zahir Shah
 * 3) Will Cross
 * 4) Analysis: